自动驾驶数据集通常是倾斜的，特别是，缺乏距自工载体远距离的物体的训练数据。随着检测到的对象的距离增加，数据的不平衡导致性能下降。在本文中，我们提出了模式识的地面真相抽样，一种数据增强技术，该技术基于LIDAR的特征缩小对象的点云。具体地，我们模拟了用于深度的物体的自然发散点模式变化，以模拟更远的距离。因此，网络具有更多样化的训练示例，并且可以更有效地概括地检测更远的物体。我们评估了使用点删除或扰动方法的现有数据增强技术，并发现我们的方法优于所有这些。此外，我们建议使用相等的元素AP箱，以评估跨距离的3D对象探测器的性能。我们在距离大于25米的距离上的Kitti验证分裂上提高了PV-RCNN对车载PV-RCNN的性能。

强化学习中的固有问题是应对不确定要采取的行动（或状态价值）的政策。模型不确定性，更正式地称为认知不确定性，是指超出采样噪声的模型的预期预测误差。在本文中，我们提出了Q值函数中认知不确定性估计的度量，我们将其称为路线上的认知不确定性。我们进一步开发了一种计算其近似上限的方法，我们称之为f值。我们通过实验将后者应用于深Q-Networks（DQN），并表明增强学习中的不确定性估计是学习进步的有用指标。然后，我们提出了一种新的方法，通过从现有（以前学过的或硬编码）的甲骨文政策中学习不确定性的同时，旨在避免在训练过程中避免非生产性的随机操作，从而提高参与者批评算法的样本效率。我们认为这位评论家的信心指导了探索（CCGE）。我们使用我们的F-Value指标在软演奏者（SAC）上实施CCGE，我们将其应用于少数流行的健身环境，并表明它比有限的背景下的香草囊获得了更好的样本效率和全部情节奖励。

联合机器学习是一种用于训练多个设备模型的技术，而无需在它们之间交换数据。因为数据仍然是每个计算节点的本地，所以联合学习非常适合在仔细控制数据的字段中的使用情况，例如医学，或者具有带宽约束的域。这种方法的一个弱点是大多数联合学习工具依赖于中央服务器来执行工作负载委派并生成单个共享模型。在这里，我们建议一个灵活的框架，用于分散联合学习模式，并提供与Pytorch兼容的开源，参考实现。

由于无人驾驶航空公司（无人机）随着越来越多的应用程序变得越来越多，因此无人机中断的潜在风险增加。深度学习的最新发展允许基于视觉的柜台 - 无人机系统用单个相机检测和跟踪无人机。然而，单个摄像机的覆盖范围是有限的，需要需要多色配置以跨越电机匹配UAV - 一个称为重新识别（Reid）的问题。虽然对人和车辆REID已经进行了广泛的研究，以争取时间和观点，但据我们所知，在我们的知识中，在无人机雷德没有研究。无人机挑战重新识别：它们比行人和车辆要小得多，并且它们通常在空气中检测到，所以出现在更大范围内的角度。由于没有UAV数据集目前使用多个摄像机，因此我们提出了第一个新的UAV重新识别数据集，无人机REID，这有助于在该新兴区域开发机器学习解决方案。 UAV-REID有两个设置：临时靠近评估视图的性能，以帮助跟踪框架，并且大到小，以评估跨越规模的REID性能，并在从长途距离检测到无人机时允许早期的REID。我们通过广泛评估不同的REID骨干和损失功能来进行基准研究。我们证明，通过正确的设置，深度网络足够强大，以了解无人机的良好陈述，在时间近的环境中实现81.9％的地图，并在挑战大到小的环境下实现46.5％。此外，我们发现视觉变形金刚是最强大的尺度方差。

疟疾是一种威胁生命的疾病，影响了数百万。基于显微镜的薄膜评估是（i）确定疟疾物种和（ii）定量高寄生虫感染的标准方法。通过机器学习（ML）对疟疾显微镜的完全自动化是一项具有挑战性的任务，因为预先准备的滑动在质量和表现方面差异很大，并且伪像通常超过相对较少的寄生虫。在这项工作中，我们描述了一个用于薄膜疟疾分析的完整，完全自动化的框架，该框架应用了ML方法，包括卷积神经网（CNN），该方法在大型且多样化的田间预先准备的薄膜数据集中进行了训练。定量和物种鉴定结果几乎足够准确地满足了耐药性监测和临床用例的混凝土需求。我们将方法和性能指标集中在现场用例要求上。我们讨论了将ML方法应用于疟疾显微镜的关键问题和重要指标。

小型太阳能光伏（PV）阵列中电网的有效集成计划需要访问高质量的数据：单个太阳能PV阵列的位置和功率容量。不幸的是，不存在小型太阳能光伏的国家数据库。那些确实有限的空间分辨率，通常汇总到州或国家一级。尽管已经发布了几种有希望的太阳能光伏检测方法，但根据研究，研究这些模型的性能通常是高度异质的。这些方法对能源评估的实际应用的比较变得具有挑战性，可能意味着报告的绩效评估过于乐观。异质性有多种形式，我们在这项工作中探讨了每种形式：空间聚集的水平，地面真理的验证，培训和验证数据集的不一致以及培训的位置和传感器的多样性程度和验证数据始发。对于每个人，我们都会讨论文献中的新兴实践，以解决它们或暗示未来研究的方向。作为调查的一部分，我们评估了两个大区域的太阳PV识别性能。我们的发现表明，由于验证过程中的共同局限性，从卫星图像对太阳PV自动识别的传统绩效评估可能是乐观的。这项工作的收获旨在为能源研究人员和专业人员提供自动太阳能光伏评估技术的大规模实用应用。

Designing experiments often requires balancing between learning about the true treatment effects and earning from allocating more samples to the superior treatment. While optimal algorithms for the Multi-Armed Bandit Problem (MABP) provide allocation policies that optimally balance learning and earning, they tend to be computationally expensive. The Gittins Index (GI) is a solution to the MABP that can simultaneously attain optimality and computationally efficiency goals, and it has been recently used in experiments with Bernoulli and Gaussian rewards. For the first time, we present a modification of the GI rule that can be used in experiments with exponentially-distributed rewards. We report its performance in simulated 2- armed and 3-armed experiments. Compared to traditional non-adaptive designs, our novel GI modified design shows operating characteristics comparable in learning (e.g. statistical power) but substantially better in earning (e.g. direct benefits). This illustrates the potential that designs using a GI approach to allocate participants have to improve participant benefits, increase efficiencies, and reduce experimental costs in adaptive multi-armed experiments with exponential rewards.

The existing methods for video anomaly detection mostly utilize videos containing identifiable facial and appearance-based features. The use of videos with identifiable faces raises privacy concerns, especially when used in a hospital or community-based setting. Appearance-based features can also be sensitive to pixel-based noise, straining the anomaly detection methods to model the changes in the background and making it difficult to focus on the actions of humans in the foreground. Structural information in the form of skeletons describing the human motion in the videos is privacy-protecting and can overcome some of the problems posed by appearance-based features. In this paper, we present a survey of privacy-protecting deep learning anomaly detection methods using skeletons extracted from videos. We present a novel taxonomy of algorithms based on the various learning approaches. We conclude that skeleton-based approaches for anomaly detection can be a plausible privacy-protecting alternative for video anomaly detection. Lastly, we identify major open research questions and provide guidelines to address them.

The Government of Kerala had increased the frequency of supply of free food kits owing to the pandemic, however, these items were static and not indicative of the personal preferences of the consumers. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of various clustering techniques on a scaled-down version of a real-world dataset obtained through a conjoint analysis-based survey. Clustering carried out by centroid-based methods such as k means is analyzed and the results are plotted along with SVD, and finally, a conclusion is reached as to which among the two is better. Once the clusters have been formulated, commodities are also decided upon for each cluster. Also, clustering is further enhanced by reassignment, based on a specific cluster loss threshold. Thus, the most efficacious clustering technique for designing a food kit tailored to the needs of individuals is finally obtained.

A "heart attack" or myocardial infarction (MI), occurs when an artery supplying blood to the heart is abruptly occluded. The "gold standard" method for imaging MI is Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), with intravenously administered gadolinium-based contrast (late gadolinium enhancement). However, no "gold standard" fully automated method for the quantification of MI exists. In this work, we propose an end-to-end fully automatic system (MyI-Net) for the detection and quantification of MI in MRI images. This has the potential to reduce the uncertainty due to the technical variability across labs and inherent problems of the data and labels. Our system consists of four processing stages designed to maintain the flow of information across scales. First, features from raw MRI images are generated using feature extractors built on ResNet and MoblieNet architectures. This is followed by the Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) to produce spatial information at different scales to preserve more image context. High-level features from ASPP and initial low-level features are concatenated at the third stage and then passed to the fourth stage where spatial information is recovered via up-sampling to produce final image segmentation output into: i) background, ii) heart muscle, iii) blood and iv) scar areas. New models were compared with state-of-art models and manual quantification. Our models showed favorable performance in global segmentation and scar tissue detection relative to state-of-the-art work, including a four-fold better performance in matching scar pixels to contours produced by clinicians.